A black Leica camera with textured grip, multiple dials, and a lens cap with the Leica logo.

LEICA M4

The M-series Leica cameras, which began with the Leica M3 in 1954 and continued with the Leica M2, Leica M1, and Leica MD models, represented an evolution from the earlier Barnack-type Leica era571. However, after 13 years, in 1967, they faced a significant turning point571. This shift was influenced by West Germany's remarkable post-war economic growth, which led to increased labor wages, as well as the rise of Japan, a country that had previously been underestimated in the camera industry571.

The launch of the Leica M3 in 1954 prompted a transformation in the Japanese camera industry, pushing manufacturers to pivot towards the development and production of single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras571. This shift ultimately established a major trend where system cameras became predominantly SLRs571. These single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras featured through-the-lens (TTL) metering systems581. During this time, there was a rising demand for rangefinder cameras with TTL metering capabilities, particularly from Leica581. However, Leitz, known for its cautious approach, was hesitant to integrate exposure meters into the camera body, as they were considered less durable and reliable581. To address this concern for their M-type cameras, they focused on continuously improving the Metra-Watt Leica Meter mounted on the top plate581. Despite their reservations, they could not ignore the trend towards TTL metering581. 

As a result, development of the Leica M4, the successor to the Leica M3 and Leica M2, began with plans to include a built-in TTL metering system581. Leitz streamlined its M-series lineup to focus on just two models: the Leica M4 for general use and the Leica MDa for special applications571. The Leitz Camera Division played a significant role in the design of Leica M4581. One of the lead designers was engineer Heinrich Broschke581. Known for his expertise in precision measuring instruments, Broschke aimed to display all shooting information directly within the viewfinder of the new camera581. As a result, the viewfinder system became quite complex, and it was expected that the manufacturing costs would make the camera expensive581. Nevertheless, Leitz aimed for this camera to be the pinnacle of rangefinder technology581.

Due to Heinrich Broschke's frequent illness and absences, development progressed slowly.581 At the same time, there was a need to boost declining sales for the Leica M3 and Leica M2 models581.

Introduced in June of 1967571 with serial number 1175001238, the Leica M4 incorporated the parallax-compensated frames for 35mm, 50mm, 90mm, and 135mm lenses360. Interestingly, the very first Leica M4 number 1175001 was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Museum Leica" book596. Heinrich Broschke design was later finalized as the Leica M5581. 

The Leica M4 was essentially an upgraded version of the Leica M2, featuring no particularly groundbreaking innovations581. Nevertheless, despite the challenging circumstances around Leica M-type cameras—such as the financial crisis at Leitz, the acquisition by Wild, and the decline of rangefinder cameras—the Leica M4 surprisingly enjoyed a lengthy production run581.



Prototypes of Leica M4

At least two prototypes of the Leica M4 camera existed360. The prototypes had the 35/50/90/135 framelines and had through-the-lens exposure meter that later appeared on the Leica M5360. It was ultimately decided to abandon the metering system until it could be perfected360. 

In both prototypes, the shutter speed dial lacked click stops between the 1/2 second and 1/50 second marks, allowing for infinitely variable slow speeds360. However, there was a click stop at 1/50 second as it was the flash synchronization speed360. The location of the accessory shoe differed between the prototypes; neither featured a hot shoe, but the location in the second prototype was ultimately retained in the production copy of Leica M4360. Additionally, the placement of the wind crank and synchronization contacts in both prototypes was unorthodox and was not carried over to the production model360. In both prototypes, the synchronization spots were near the eyepiece and the rewind crank was integrated into the baseplate360.

Some of the known prototypes:

  • One Leica M4 prototype without a serial number was described as "M4 prototype body without serial number, M2 top-plate with built-in exposure counter, four frames viewfinder, surround of frame counter is of a circular bright metal, structural differences around frame viewfinder, sticker with hand-written '12' next to flash syn., cap - this camera was acquired directly from Willy Wiesner, chief camera designer at Leitz and better known as the 'father' of the Leicaflex - ex. Paul-Henry van Hasbroeck collection"404.
  • Another Leica M4 prototype without a serial number was described as "An extremely rare, original prototype Leica M4. Body without a serial number, the camera has got a built-in quick film loading system, similar to the one used in the M5 (but not identical), and the screws covering the self-release lever and the frame selector lever also resemble the M5 screws. It comes with a modified Summicron 2/50mm no.1925719 (the infinity lock professionally removed); research in the Leica Archives revealed that the lens never left the factory and was, most probably, used internally for testing purposes. The camera shows a small hand-engraving on the body shell, 'Broschke' - Heinrich Broschke was a prominent engineer at Leitz company and the developer of the Leica M5"378. I t was illustrated on the pages 178 and 179 of Paul-Henry van Hasbroeck's "The Leica: A History Illustrating every Model and Accessory" book, alongside a prototype 90mm f/2.8 Tele-Elmarit lens number 0001012 and a  prototype  50mm f/1.2 lens number 0000728360 .  
  • Another interesting camera, dated circa 1966 and resembling Leica M4 and Nikon SP, was auctioned off at the 46th Leitz Photographica Auction. This lot was described as "A unique prototype M camera featuring one large window that incorporates both the viewfinder and viewfinder illuminator. The body combines features of the M2 and M4 and may be an early experimental model designed to test the angled rewind knob. The top plate is highly customised and unlike any other production Leica. The camera comes with a prototype Summaron 2.8/35mm lens, no. 0000241... This exact camera is featured in L. Netopil's 'Prototype Leica' on pages 429-433...". In July of 2026, this camera was displayed in Yodobashi Fujisawa Camera Museum in Tokyo, Japan.
  • One more interesting prototype was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Rare Leica" book in 2014594. This camera had a prototype Summaron 2.8/35mm lens, no. 0000238 attached to it594. The camera had Leica M3 style film indicator, Leica M4 style film rewind, a distinct-looking frameline preview lever and self timer594. The outfit was expected to be auctioned off at the 8th Wetzlar Camera Auctions on October 10, 2026597. The camera was described as "Experimental unit to the later Leica M4. Handcrafted topplate with visible solder joints beneath the chrome plating, at the front it extends down to the side of the bayonet ring (as on the M2). The controls (advance lever, field-selector lever, rewind crank) are design studies whose styling still differs significantly from the later production versions."597.


Production

Technical Specifications


Viewfinder/Rangefinder Mechanism

The design of the viewfinder and rangefinder section was essentially the same as that of the Leica M2571. However, the 135mm field of view frame was centered within the 35mm frame, with key-shaped marks indicating its four corners571.

Unlike the Leica M2 and later Leica M3 models, there was no depth of field indicator360. The convex protrusions that had previously indicated depth of field, located above and below the rangefinder frame in the center of the viewfinder, were removed571. Instead, the vertical width of the frame was extended to reach the top edge of where the protrusions had been, resulting in a larger frame571.

The rangefinder provided accurate measurements from infinity to 28 inches, similar to the Leica M2360. The focused image was 0.7 times that of the Leica M2, while the Leica M3's image was 0.9 times greater, making it more precise for close-focus work360. 

Lens Mount

The Leica M4 was essentially an improved and evolved version of the Leica M2571. However, as the second generation of M Leicas, it featured significant changes in its exterior design571.

One of the most noticeable differences was the removal of the "apron" around the lens mount, a characteristic that had been a hallmark of Leica cameras since the Leica IIIc model with its die-cast body571. The bottom edge of the top cover formed a straight line, resembling the design of the older Leica IIIb Model G-1938 and earlier versions571.


Shutter Mechanism

There were no changes to the shutter mechanism, but the single terminal was updated from the conventional large M-type to a standard DIN type, enhancing compatibility with other equipment571.


Film feed mechanism

Moreover, the internal mechanism was enhanced, resulting in a significantly lighter and smoother winding process than before571.

The film rewind knob, which had previously faced criticism for its usability, was redesigned as a crank type571. It featured a unique structure tilted at approximately 40 degrees relative to the film winding spool, making it easier to rewind, even when the Leica Meter MR type was attached571. The crank was designed to also clear the main rangefinder unit360. Leitz was hesitant to introduce this idea until after other manufacturers successfully implemented it360. In fact, Leitz engineers considered the cranked rewind lever as early as 1936, and there was a Leica IIIa Model G fitted with such a lever in the Leitz Museum360.

Among the new features introduced in the Leica M4, the most notable was arguably the improved film loading system, known as the Rapid Loading System571. This innovative mechanism completely resolved the cumbersome film-loading process that had been a challenge in previous Leica models571.

In contrast to the Leica M3, where the take-up spool shaft could be removed, the Leica M4's take-up spool shaft was fixed to the camera571. This hollow shaft had three slits spaced 120 degrees apart, with a coil spring situated at its center571. To load film, the tip was pulled from the cartridge to a length that fit into these slits, inserted into the camera, and the bottom cover was secured571. Instead of the conventional spool bearing on the bottom cover, the Leica M4 featured a steering wheel-shaped projection, with this ring corresponding to the lower flange of the spool571. 

Consequently, when the bottom cover was closed, the film edge was pushed down along the slit to its designated position571.

During the winding process, the coil spring, which was wound in the opposite direction to the spool shaft's rotation, expanded and secured the film against the inner wall of the spool571. However, it was important to note that if the initial winding operation was performed too quickly, the spool might rotate too fast before the coil spring had a chance to expand, potentially causing the leading edge of the film to slip out of the slit571. Therefore, caution was advised during this process571. 

Leica M4 had a self-resetting frame counter360.


Other Specifications

The viewfinder field of view switching lever and the self-timer lever shared a design with angular edges and a black plastic anti-slip grip in the center571. Additionally, the rewind switching lever had been updated to include an angular tip571. 

The positioning protrusion, located on the lower right side of the camera and used for attaching the body to a copying device or flash bracket, had originally been found on the Leica IIIf571. This protrusion was removed, and this change was carried over to the Leica M6, with the exception of viewfinder-less models such as the Leica MDa and Leica MD-2571. 

Previously, the outer frame of the back cover of the M cameras had been finished in black paint571. However, starting with the Leica M4, this finish was changed to a black chrome571. Furthermore, in the final models that still featured a black paint finish, specifically those with serial numbers between 127XXXX and 128XXXX, the self-timer mount also used the same finished parts for the shutter dial and the rewind crank571.


Catalogue Numbers

10400 - Leica M4 in chrome, body only534.

10401 - Leica M4-MOT in black, body only534.

10402 - Leica M4 in black paint, body only534.

10405 - Leica M4 in chrome, with 50mm f/2.8 Elmar lens534.

10408 - Leica M4 in chrome, with 50mm f/1.4 Summilux lens534.

10409 - Leica M4 in chrome, with 50mm f/2 Summicron lens534.



Height and Weight

Leica M4 had a height of 77 mm, a length of 138 mm, and a width of 36 mm191. The viewfinder magnification was 0.72x, and the rangefinder base length was 48.5 mm191. The weight was 600 grams191.


Flash Synchronization 

The synchro outlets of Leica M4 had been redesigned196 to feature the standard 3mm coaxial PC sockets for flash synchronization making the camera more compatible with standard flash attachments and fittings238.


Film Scratches and Early Leica M4 Cameras

Shortly after its introduction and increased use by new Leica M4 owners, a problem emerged: film scratches196. The issue stemmed from a small black cover on the sprocket found in early Leica M4 models196. This component was redesigned and implemented in all new Leica M4 cameras around 1969196. Fortunately, the modification to eliminate the problem could be carried out easily from the rear of the camera without needing to disassemble it196. However, it did require application of a special lubricant to ensure proper functioning196.


Canadian-made Leica M4 Cameras

Based on existing records of Leica M4 cameras from the 1974-1975 time frame, it seemed that 2355238 of 57000238 Leica M4 cameras were assembled in Canada using parts supplied by Wetzlar238. This group included 350 of the 1750 50th Anniversary black chrome Leica M4s, which, according to James L. Lager, caused discontent among some buyers238. These buyers preferred the Wetzlar version with its legendary "L" seal over the Canadian models featuring the "C" seal238. Some of the last black chrome Leica M4 cameras produced, however, came from the renowned Wetzlar factory in 1974 and 1975238.


Variants

Silver Chrome Finish

Most Leica M4 cameras were finished in chrome360. 

Midland Silver Chrome Leica M4 from 1967

In 1967, a total of 100 silver chrome Leica M4 cameras, number 1178001 through 1178100, were manufactured at Leitz Canada in Midland, Canada581. These Leica M4 cameras featured a combination of "Midland" and "Wetzlar" markings581. Among them were:

  • 1178002, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)". At some point, this camera was offered for sale by KEH.
  • 1178010*, engraved "ERNST LEITZ CANADA LTD. (new line) MIDLAND, CANADA"
  • 1178023, engraved "ERNST LEITZ CANADA LTD. (new line) MIDLAND, CANADA"
  • 1178044, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)"581
  • 1178049, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)". At some point, this camera was owned by Luigi Crescenzi of Italy.
  • 1178059, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)". This camera was repainted black, and offered for sale at Kasancamera in Korea.
  • 1178071, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)".
  • 1178081, engraved "ERNST LEITZ (bigger font) GMBH (smaller font) (new line) WETZLAR (bigger font) GERMANY (smaller font)". This camera was sold on Catawiki in 2023.
  • 1178088, engraved "ERNST LEITZ CANADA LTD. (new line) MIDLAND, CANADA"


Black Chrome Finish

Originally, the Leica M4 was intended to be succeeded by the Leica M5, which was announced in 1971571. Production of the Leica M4 ended with serial number 1286700571. However, the successor, the Leica M5, did not achieve the expected popularity, and due to internal issues at Leitz, primarily economic problems, the production of the Leica M4 was discontinued prematurely571.

As a stopgap measure until a new product was released, a total of 5820 Leica M4 cameras were produced again: 3200 in 1974, of which 950 had "Canada" engraved, and 2620 in 1975, with 800 also engraved with "Canada"571.

All of these re-released models featured a black chrome finish571. Among the 50th-anniversary marked Leica M4 cameras, 1400 were allocated with Wetzlar lettering, and 350 with Canada lettering571.


Olive Finish

Read about Leica M4 "Bundeswehr" further on this page.


Black Paint Finish

The earliest mention of black painted Leica M4 bodies was in the August 1967 Ernst Leitz, Inc. New York inter-office memorandum which mentioned the order of that 20 black-finished Leica M4 bodies437. Approximately 4889311 (5800, including M4MOT581) black paint Leica M4 cameras were manufactured in Wetzlar238. Interestingly, the first batch of black paint Leica M4 cameras had serial numbers in the range of 1181XXX but were not officially listed as "black paint" in the records238. 

The author of this website is familiar with black paint Leica M4 cameras made in 1959, 1967-1971, and 1975 in the following batches:

  • 11812XX
  • 11815XX-11819XX
  • 11851XX-11852XX
  • 11876XX
  • 12071XX-12074XX 
  • 12250XX-12257XX
  • 12462XX-12478XX
  • 12480XX
  • 12660XX-12663XX
  • 12665XX-12666XX
  • 12670XX
  • 12862XX
  • 12864XX
  • 12866XX
  • 14134XX

Leica M4 "50 Jahre"

To celebrate 50 years of Leica, a limited number of Leica M4 cameras were available featuring the "50 JAHRE" crest55. A total of 1750 units were produced355: 350 each for the letters L, E, I, C, A76.

Leica M4 with Leicavit MP

About 20 of the original Leica M4 models were modified to allow the addition of a Leicavit MP to the base of the camera98. One of these cameras, officially converted by Leitz, was numbered 1248088 and illustrated on page 11 of April-June, 1980, Viewfinder magazine Volume 13, Number 298. 

Leica M4-M/M4-MOT ("Micro Switch Motor")

Leica M4 cameras that could accept the Ernst Leitz, New York motor were designated as M4-M, with later models known as M4-MOT357. 904 of these motor-capable black paint Leica M4 cameras571 were manufactured at the Wetzlar factory238 between 1968 and 1971357: 

  • In 1968, a total of 150 units were produced, with serial numbers ranging from 1185001 to 1185150571. These units featured the inscription "M4-M" on the top plate, aligning them with the Leica M2-M designation571. 
  • The following year, in 1969, an additional 154 units were manufactured, with serial numbers from 1206737 to 1206891571. Additionally, 100 more units were produced, numbered from 1248101 to 1248200, and these were designated as the "M4-MOT."571
  • In 1970, 400 units were manufactured, with serial numbers spanning from 1267101 to 1267500571. 
  • In 1971, another 100 units were produced, with serial numbers from 1274001 to 1274100571. 

This camera, combined with electric motor (made by Ernst Leitz, New York), was produced especially for North American market357. This motor drive system utilized a winding shaft mechanism, which meant that the rapid loading system of the Leica M4 could not be used571. Consequently, the design was modified to resemble the structure of the Leica M2571. The cameras were able to take up to three pictures per second357. It was targeted for professional photo reporters357. 

Fundus Camera

In the manufacturing lots of the Leica M4-M and M4-MOT models, certain Leica M4 units featured a body engraved with the letters "Da" below the "M," indicating "motor."571 These bodies, similar to the Leica MDa model, had been designed to allow a recording strip to be inserted into the film gate571. Therefore, a motor drive unit could not be attached to these models; in this context, the letter "M" was interpreted to signify either "medical" or "memory."571

Among the Leica M4-M/Da models, those that had a white circle next to the letter "M" were produced at the request of Zeiss571. At that time, Zeiss had completely ceased camera production, and these units were created as recording devices for their fundus examination endoscopes571. These models were referred to as "fundus" cameras, with "fundus" referring to the back of the eye571.

Some examples of motorized Leica MDa MOT cameras, dated 1970-1971, were as follows:

  • Camera number 1267350 had a coupling for Leitz New York motor drive and was engraved "MDa MOT"413. This camera was delivered from Leitz New York to Zeiss New York for use with a Zeiss scientific instrument for medical use called the FUNDUS camera in the early 1970s413.
  • Camera number 1267384 had a coupling for Leitz New York motor drive and was engraved "MDa MOT"377. This camera had black controls in combination with a chrome top plate377. 
  • Camera number 1267405 had a coupling for Leitz New York motor drive and was engraved "MDa MOT"403. This camera was delivered from Leitz New York to Zeiss New York for use with a Zeiss scientific instrument for medical use called the FUNDUS camera in the early 1970s403.
  • Camera number 1267409 had a coupling for Leitz New York motor drive and was engraved "MDa MOT"404. This camera was delivered from Leitz New York to Zeiss New York for use with a Zeiss scientific instrument for medical use called the FUNDUS camera in the early 1970s404.


Military

British

The Armed Forces of Britain utilized military olive-drab colored Leica M4 cameras53.

German

Leica M4 "Bundeswehr" cameras were produced in 1968401 and 1970396. Some of these cameras were finished in chrome401, while 31396 were painted olive green357 (numbers 1266101-1266131)396. Most of these cameras had "Bundeswehr" engraved on the back of the top plate357. All olive painted cameras were delivered on the 28th of December 1970 to the West German Military377. Some of the known cameras were:

  • Chrome finished Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' dated 1968 with serial number 1188033 was sold for 7800 Euros including buyer's premium at the 23rd WestLicht Camera Auction on May 25, 2013401. The lot was described as "...military camera delivered to the Bundeswehr with metal plate on rear engraved 'BUNDESWEHR Vers.Nr.6650-12-149-2607' and BWB sticker..."401.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266103 was illustrated on page 89of Shinichi Nakamura's "Leica Collection" (1991) book602.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266110 was offered but remained unsold at the 27th WestLicht Camera Auction on June 13, 2015396. The lot was described as "...engraved 'BUNDESWEHR' on rear of top plate...The outer parts of the camera were recently carefully cleaned and non original repaint removed, some vulcanite damages were perfectly fixed by Ottmar Michaely..."396.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266114 dated 1970 was sold for 360000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 3rd Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 9, 2021426. The lot was described as "...Engraving "Bundeswehr" on the rear side of the top plate. Very nice, slightly used condition. Particles in the viewfinder, small bump in the top plate top. Apparently the camera was never opened - the original Leitz Wetzlar "£" assembly seal is still intact...."426. In July of 2026, this camera was displayed in Yodobashi Fujisawa Camera Museum in Tokyo, Japan.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266117 was sold for 87600 Euros including buyer's premium at the 15th WestLicht Camera Auction on May 23, 2009409. The lot was described as "...engraved: Bundeswehr..."409.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266119 was sold for 144000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 43rd Leitz Photographica Auction on November 25, 2023 with the following description: "...Engraved on the back of the top plate with 'Bundeswehr'..."380
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266121 was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Rare Leica" book in 2014594.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' with serial number 1266123 was sold for 456000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 46th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 27, 2025, with the following description: "...engraved on the back of the top plate with 'Bundeswehr'..."377.
  • Olive paint Leica M4 'Bundeswehr' dated 1970 with serial number 1266126 was sold for 43200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 28th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 21, 2015395. The lot was described as "...this camera is without the 'Bundeswehr' engraving on rear of top plate. According to Ottmar Michaely in Wetzlar all outer and inner parts are original, also paint, engravings and leather covering. We suppose that the camera was never supplied to the German Bundeswehr."395. 

Among black painted "Bund" cameras were:

  • Black paint finished Leica M4 "Bund" with serial number 1381554 was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Rare Leica" book in 2014594. 
  • Black paint finished Leica M4 "Bund" with serial number 1381612 and dated 1974 was sold for 60000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 7th Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 11, 2025429. The lot was described as "Even after the last olive green Leica M4 cameras were delivered to the German Bundeswehr, a few individual specimens of the Leica M4 were produced in black with the engraving "Bund." Interestingly, this occurred during the transition period from the black paint to the black chrome version. Both versions of this extremely rare black Bundeswehr M4 are known. With Summicron 35 mm f/2 Nr. 2711595 with the engraving "6760-12-133-5667" and Elmarit 90 mm f/2.8 Nr. 2523740 with the engraving "Bund" and a golden decal with the Federal Eagle, inscribed "BWB 139." Never offered at auction before! See also the following Lot. Provenance: Property of a European collector."429. This camera was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Rare Leica" book in 2014594. 

Swedish

Chrome finished Leica M4 'Swedish Military' with serial number 1252923 was sold for 20400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 24th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 23, 2013400. The lot was described as "...including a printed letter of the Försvarets Materielverk (1985, Defence Material Administration) with triple crown emblem and all items with hand written serial numbers - a fully authentic outfit"400.


French

Chrome finished Leica M4 'French Airforce' with serial number 1270698 was sold for 6000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 29th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 6, 2016394. The camera is engraved on rear the top plate with French Air force inventory numbers 'Ref. 1002-01-915 Garantie 1-9-76 Marche et No 101/71-13-07-71' (the engraving is very similar to earlier FOCA military cameras)394. The camera is extremely rare, one of approximately only 10 delivered to the French Air force394. 


American

Chrome finished Leica M4 'U.S. Navy' with serial number 1273191 and dated 1971 was sold for 5000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 3rd Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 9, 2021426. The lot was described as "...It is a custom-made product by Leitz Wetzlar for the U.S. Navy, configuration of film rail and pressure plate allow the use of a particular film material with a specific material thickness. Corresponding engraving "! FOR 2.5 MIL FILM ONLY !" in the rear door. Nice condition. Bottom plate (small dent) in black paint finish with inventory sticker (partially removed). Original Leitz Wetzlar "£" assembly seal... Provenance: Allen collection."426.


Leica KE-7A

A military version of the Leica M4 in black chrome, known as the KE-7A, was designed for the United States Army and released in 1972571. This camera was a successor of KS-15(4)199. The black chrome Leica KE-7A differs from the standard Leica M4 in that the shutter has been "winterized," and the body is sealed against dust and dirt360. The KE-7A was designed to function effectively in Arctic conditions, such as in Alaska, at temperatures as low as -23°C, thanks to a special low-temperature treatment. It could even be stored at temperatures as low as -72°C. Additionally, the camera was engineered to perform well in desert environments, operating effectively at temperatures up to +50°C and being capable of storage at temperatures as high as +70°C. Its specialized lubricant ensured proper functioning under these extreme temperature conditions200. Approximately produced in excess of military requirements, a few KE-7A cameras (with or without lenses) were sold to selected Leitz dealers360. Specifically, a total of 70 Leica KE-7A bodies and 59 4-element 50mm f/2 Elcan lenses86 (developed exclusively for this camera357) were available for commercial distribution70. 

The military units carry the following initials on the back of the camera: FSN, which stands for Federal Stock Number; CONT, which indicates Contract Designation; and US, denoting the United States200. In total, 505 units of the KE-7A were prepared, with serial numbers 1293771-1293775 (prototypes)571 and 1294501-1295000 (not prototypes)399. Just about 440 units were supplied on military order and the approximately 60 units sold on the civilian market represent a production overrun399. Those so called civilian KE-7As are lacking in military markings399. To locate one of the few civilian cameras is very difficult and they are eagerly sought out by collectors."399

A telephoto and close-up kit was created for use with Leica M cameras, including the Leica KE-7A558. This kit, designated as LE-11, featured the 280mm Telyt f4.8 lens, a focusing bellows, and the Visoflex III558. It also included a small Honeywell Strobonar 400 electronic flash558. The kit came in a lightweight aluminum carrying case with the catalog number 93975, which had special fittings558. The LE-11 kit allowed photographers to extend the capabilities of the basic Leica camera setup558. The kit consisted of558:

  • Visoflex III with 4X magnifier - 16498
  • 5X Standard magnifier - 16461
  • Universal Focusing Mount - 16464
  • Focusing Bellows II with Adapter Ring - 16556
  • Adapter Tube for 135mm lens head - 16472
  • Short Focusing Mount for 135mm Elmarit f/2.8 - 16462
  • OUBIO Adapter - 16466
  • 280mm Telyt f/4.8 - 11912
  • Screw-in Filter, E-58, Orange - 13250
  • Screw-in Filter, E-58, UV Absorption - 13270
  • Table Tripod - 14100
  • Ball-and-Socket Tripod Head - 14121
  • Cable Release (10 inches) - 14067
  • Electronic Flash Unit - 15396
  • Connecting Cord, 3 feet (2 each) - 15415
  • Adapter Ring - 16598

The 50mm f/2 Elcan lens had a distance scale marked only in feet. This lens had two fewer elements than the standard Summicron lens and had a differently designed aperture ring that rotated in the opposite direction. Additionally, the screws on the lens frame differed from those used in normal production cameras200.

Some known KE-7A cameras are listed below:

  • Leica KE-7A without serial number but engraved "FSN 6720-165-7115. CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 " was auctioned off at Christie's on June 11, 1998. Later, it was sold for 3132 Euros including buyer's premium at the 26th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 22, 2014397. A few years later, this camera was sold for 3840 Euros including buyer's premium at the 31st WestLicht Camera Auction on June 10, 2017392.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294512 was produced for U.S. Military. The camera was offered but remained unsold at the 27th WestLicht Camera Auction on June 13, 2015396. 
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294521 dated 1972 was illustrated on page 159 of James L. Lager's "Leica: An Illustrated History - Volume 1 - Cameras - Signed Deluxe Limited Edition" book540.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294522 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 40800 Euros including buyer's premium at the 41st Leitz Photographica Auction on November 26, 2022382.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294541 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 9000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 20th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 12, 2011404. The lot was described as "black M4 produced for the US Army in good and perfect working condition, with contract numbers on back of top-plate engraved 'Serial No 1294541 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US'"404.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294559 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 66000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 20th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 12, 2011404. The lot was described as "very rare black M4 in good and perfect working condition, produced for the US Army with contract numbers on back of top-plate engraved 'Serial No 1294559 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US', with the extremely rare Elcan 2/66mm no.283-0025 and military contract number 'VH6760-168-3240' engraved on front ring (see Lager II page 228), lens in good condition with clean optics (cap), the offered camera was delivered with this 66mm Elcan lens !"404.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294605 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 7200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 37th Leitz Photographica Auction on November 21, 2020386. The back of the top plate engraved 'Serial No 1294605 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US'386. Before that, the camera was sold for 3600 Euros including buyer's premium at the 27th WestLicht Camera Auction on June 13, 2015396. 
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294613 was produced for U.S. Military and was offered but remained unsold at the 27th WestLicht Camera Auction on June 13, 2015396. The lot was described as "very rare black chrome military M4 in perfect working and near mint condition, produced in small numbers for the US Army, back of top plate engraved 'Serial No 1294613 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US', matching Elcan 2/50mm no.276-0012 (perfect clean lenses), everready case with contract numbers"396.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294678/276-0320 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 31200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 44th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 10, 2024379. Before that, it was auctioned off at Christie's on January 17, 1999.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294682/276-0121 was produced for U.S. Military and was offered for sale, but remained unsold at at the 43rd Leitz Photographica Auction on November 25, 2023380. Before that, the camera and 66mm f/2 Elcan outfit was offered but remained unsold at the 34th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 8, 2019389.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294691 was produced for U.S. Military and was sold for 11400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 17th WestLicht Camera Auction on May 29, 2010407. The lot was described as "very rare black military M4, produced in small numbers for the US Army with contract numbers, on back of top plate engraved: Serial No 1294691 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US, matching Elcan 2/50mm no.276-0152, hood, cap, case with contract numbers - all in perfect mint condition"407.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294713 was produced for U.S. Military and was sold for 14400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 19th WestLicht Camera Auction on May 28, 2011405. The lot was described as "very rare black military M4, produced in small numbers for the US Army with contract numbers, on back of top plate engraved: Serial No 1294713 FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429 US, matching Elcan 2/50mm no.276-0296, hood, cap, case with contract numbers - all in perfect mint condition"405.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294717/276-0115 was produced for U.S. Military and was offered but remained unsold at the 47th Leitz Photographica Auction on November 22, 2025533. The lot was described as "A rare variant of the black Leica M4, produced by Ernst Leitz Canada for the U.S. military. In beautiful, near-mint condition, body engraved with the US military contract numbers, with sought-after Elcan 2/50mm no.276-0115, including a rare and often missing original hood and front cap."533.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294728/276-0256 was auctioned off at Christie's on June 3, 2003.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294729 was produced for U.S. Military and was sold for 18000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 3rd Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 9, 2021426. The lot was described as "Military version with engraving of Contract No. "FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429". With Elcan 50 mm f/2 Nr. 276-0175 with original lens hood engraved „C42-LS.39F“ and original cap. Very nice, slightly used original condition. The camera has apparently never been opened, the original Leitz Canada "C" assembly seal is still intact. The optics with haze. Provenance: Allen collection."426.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294764 was illustrated in Viewfinder Vol. 29, No. 2, 1996.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294789 was produced for U.S. Military and was sold for 9000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 2nd Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 10, 2020427. The lot was described as "Military Version of the KE-7A, with contract number engraving FSN 6720-165-7115 CONT. F42600-71-C-2429. Almost like new condition."427. This camera, with Leitz Elcan F/1 90mm. lens no. 164-0008 was sold for 20,900 Great British Pounds at the Christie's auction on June 9, 1994197. The lot was described as "A black Leica KE-7A Still Picture camera no. 1294789, the backplate engraved FSN 6720-165-7115. Cont. F42600-71-C-2429. US with a Leitz Elcan F/1 90mm. lens no. 164-0008 with applied label Navphotocen, Wash., D.C.5i and U.S. Navy Property and barrel engraved. Focused at 20 M."197. This camera was auctioned at the Bohnams' "The Fine Leica Centenary Sale" on November 29, 2014 at Bonhams Hong Kong Gallery in Hong Kong531. On November 21, 2024, it was auctioned off at the Flints Auctions Ltd.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294790 was produced for U.S. Military and was auctioned as "new old stock" at the 48th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 13, 2026585.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294802/276-0293 was auctioned off at OstLicht Auctions on June 5, 2024.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294808/276-0516 was auctioned off at Christie's on June 12, 1997.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294811 was auctioned off at an American auction on November 17, 2018.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294826/276-0337 was auctioned off at LP Foto Auktioner on June 13, 2010.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294835/276-0085 was auctioned off at Christie's on June 8, 2000.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294842 was produced for U.S. Military and was sold sealed in the box for 78000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 42nd Leitz Photographica Auction on June 9 and 10, 2023381. The same camera was sold for 54000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 36th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 13, 2020387. The camera was sold for 24000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 32nd WestLicht Camera Auction on March 10, 2018391. 
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294856 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 13200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 46th Leitz Photographica Auction on June 27, 2025377.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294870/276-0262 was auctioned off at an American auction on November 17, 2018.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294871/276-0002 was auctioned off at an American auction on November 12, 2016.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294877/276-0285 was auctioned off at Christie's on January 29 and June 11, 1998.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian version) numbered 1294906/276-0467 was auctioned off at an American auction on November 9, 2024.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294907/276-0470 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 10200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 26th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 22, 2014397.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294913/276-0164 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 6875 Euros including buyer's premium at the 5th WestLicht Camera Auction on May 29, 2004419. 
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294914/276-0480 was auctioned off at Leski Auctions Pty Ltd on August 9, 2022.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294924/276-0490 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 228000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 47th Leitz Photographica Auction on November 22, 2025533.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294936/276-0488 was auctioned off at Weiss Auctions on September 25, 2024.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294942/276-0487 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 19200 Euros including buyer's premium at the 28th WestLicht Camera Auction on November 21, 2015395. The camera was offered but remained unsold at the "100 years of Leica Camera" WestLicht Camera Auction on May 23, 2014399. Before that, the camera was offered but remained unsold at the 23rd WestLicht Camera Auction on May 25, 2013401.
  • Leica KE-7A numbered 1294944 was auctioned off at Christie's on July 12, 1990.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294951/276-0412 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 26400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 42nd Leitz Photographica Auction on June 9 and 10, 2023381. The camera doesn't have military engravings and therefore is considered a civilian version381.
  • Leica KE-7A number 1294957 was owned by Dr. Frank Burke of Philadelphia in 1975 (see Viewfinder 8(1)). The word "PICTURE" on the top plate was spelled as "PICTUPE".
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294962/276-0118 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 14400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 18th WestLicht Camera Auction on December 4, 2010406.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294963/276-0450 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 18000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 6th Wetzlar Camera Auction on October 12, 2024423. The lot was described as "...very rare civilian version, without engraving of the contract number. With ELCAN 50 mm f/2 Nr. 276-0450 with original lens hood, engraved "C42-LS.39F"..."423.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294965/276-0422 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 36000 Euros including buyer's premium at the 41st Leitz Photographica Auction on November 26, 2022382. The camera doesn't have military engravings and therefore is considered a civilian version382.
  • Leica KE-7A (Civilian Version) numbered 1294980/276-0434 was produced for U.S. Military and sold for 11400 Euros including buyer's premium at the 19th WestLicht Camera Auction on May 28, 2011405.
  • Leica KE-7A number 1294996 with 50mm f/2 Elcan 276-0498 was illustrated in Mr. Lars Netopil's "Museum Leica" book in 2018596.


Closing Remarks

The production of Leica M4 was halted in 1972 due to introduction of Leica M5311. However, the disappointing reception of the Leica M5 led Leica to resume Leica M4 production. Subsequently, manufacturing was moved to the Ernst Leitz Canada plant located in Midland, Ontario311. Leica M4 was discontinued in 1975 (with the serial number 1443170238) and replaced by the Leica M4-2, produced in Midland, Ontario360. Special editions of the Leica M4 were produced after official production ended98. All in all, there were 59436 Leica M4 cameras produced439.